About the Plant

Gajapipalli (Fruit)

Botanical-Scindapsus officinalis Schoott.(fam. Araceae) Sanskrit-Gajakrsna Bengal-Gajapeepal Gujarath-Motopeepar Hindi-Gajapeepar Kannada-Adkebeeluvalli Malayalam-Attipali Marathi-Gajapippali PunjabGajapeepal Tamil-Anaitippalee Telugu-Enugopippal.

Gajapippali consists of dried, transversely cut pieces of mature female spandix of Scindapsus officinalis Schoott.(fam. Araceae) a large epiphytic climber, found all along the sub-Himayalan track between an altitude of 330-100min West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and the Andaman Islands. (From API)

Botanical - Gmelina arborea Roxb. (Fam. Verbenaceae) Sanskrit-Kasmari Assam–Gamari Bengal-Gambhar English-Candhar Tree Gujarath–Shivan Hindi-Gambhar Kannada-Shivanigida Kashmir–Kashmirimari Malayalam-Kumizhu Marati–Shivan Orissa–Gambhari Punjab-Gumhar Tamil–Kumishan Telugu–Peggummudu.

Gambhari consists of dried, mature root and root bark of Gmelina arborea Roxb. (Fam. Verbenaceae); tree about 18 m high with a clear bole of 6-9 m and a girth of 1.5-2.1 m, found in the lower Himalayas, the Nilgiris and the East and West Coasts of India. Deciduous unarmed trees with smooth whitish – gray bark. Leaves ovate, subcordate. Flowers brownish – yellow, in terminal panicles. Drupe fleshy, ovoid, turning yellow. Bangalore, Chikmagalur, Chitradurga, Coorg, Gulbarga, Hassan, Kolar, Mysore, North Kanara, Shimoga, Tumkur and Indomalaysia.

Jvara, Trsna, Daha, Arsa, Sotha. Leaves demulcent. Ingredients of “Dasamula”, Fruits enter into cooling decoctions, used in fevers and bilious affections. Roots, bark, fruit – diseases of nervous system, oedema, cardiac diseases, pain, dysuria, piles, poisoning, burning sensation, rejuvenator.

Botanical - Tribulus terrestris (Fam. Zygophyllacease) Sanskrit-Goksuraka Assam-Gokshura Bengal-Gokshura English-Caltrops root Gujarath-Betha gokharu Hindi–Gokhru Kannada–Neggilamullu Kashmir-Michirkand Malayalam–Nerinjil Marati–Gokharu Orissa-Gukhura Punjab-Bhakhra Tamil-Nerinjil Telugu-Palleruveru Telugu-Thanrikaya

Goksura consists of root of Tribulus terrestris (Fam. Zygophyllacease): an annual prostrate herb, rarely perennial common weed of the pasture lands, road sides and other waste land, chiefly growing in hot, dry and sandy regions throughout India and up to 3000m in Kashmir. Procumbent herbs with slender, cylindrical, light brown, aromatic roots. Leaves paripinnate; leaflets ablong, mucronate. Flowers bright – yellow, axillary, solitary, Fruits blobose of 5 to 12 woody cocci, each coccus with a pair of hard unequal spines. Most districts, tropics

Botanical - Tribulus terrestris (Fam. Zygophyllacease) Sanskrit-Goksuraka Assam-Gokshura Bengal-Gokshura English-Caltrops root Gujarath-Betha gokharu Hindi–Gokhru Kannada–Neggilamullu Kashmir-Michirkand Malayalam–Nerinjil Marati–Gokharu Orissa-Gukhura Punjab-Bhakhra Tamil-Nerinjil Telugu-Palleruveru

Goksura consists of root of Tribulus terrestris (Fam. Zygophyllacease): an annual prostrate herb, rarely perennial common weed of the pasture lands, road sides and other waste land, chiefly growing in hot, dry and sandy regions throughout India and up to 3000m in Kashmir. Procumbent herbs with slender, cylindrical, light brown, aromatic roots. Leaves paripinnate; leaflets ablong, mucronate. Flowers bright – yellow, axillary, solitary, Fruits blobose of 5 to 12 woody cocci, each coccus with a pair of hard unequal spines. Most districts, tropics

Kasa; Svasa; Sularoga; Hrdroga; Vataroga; Mutrakrcchra; Asmari. Fruits tonic and diuretic, used in painful micturition and calculous affections; also prescribed in bright diseases. Leaves stomachic, used as lithotriptic. Roots aperient. Roots, fruit – dysuria, polyuria, oedema, bronchial asthma, piles, cardiac diseases, urinary calculi, anorexia, diseases of nervous system

Botanical - Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers. (Fam. Menispermaceae) Sanskrit-Amrtavalli Assam-Siddhilata Bengal -Gulancha Gujarath -Galac Hindi–Gurcha Kannada–Amrutaballi Kashmir-Amrita Malayalam–Chittamrutu Marati–Gulvel Orissa–Guluchi Punjab –Gilo Tamil-Seendal Telugu–Gilo

Guduci consists of dried, matured pieces of stem of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers. (Fam. Menispermaceae); a perennial climber found throughout Tropical India; drug collected during summer preferably in the month of May; drug is used in fresh form also. Large climbing shrubs, Bark grayish – brown or creamy – white, warty. Leaves membranous, broadly ovate, cordite at base. Flowers are greenish–yellow. Appearing when the plant is leafless, in axillary and terminal racemes or panicles. Druoe ovoide, shining, succulent, bright red when rope. Bangalore, Belgaum, Bijapur, Chikmagalur, Coorg, Kolar, Mysore, Shimoga. India, Sri Lanka.

Kustha; Vatarakta; Jvara; Kamala; Pandu; Prameha. Stem is an ingredient of several ayurvedic preparations used in general debility, dyspepsia, fevers and urinary diseases. Leaf decoction given in gout. Root is a powerful emetic and used for visceral obstruction; its watery extract is used in leprosy. Pulverized fruit is used as a tonic. Stem – fever, anaemia, jaundice, leprosy, worm infestation, polyuria, poisoning, cough, burning sensation, gout, delirium, vomiting.

Botanical - Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Sanskrit-Mahisaksa Assam– Guggul Bengal–Guggula English-Gum-gugul Gujarath -Gugal Hindi-Gugal Kannada-Guggala Kashmir–Guggal Malayalam–Guggulu Marati-Guggul Orissa–Guggulu Punjab –Guggal Tamil-Mahisaksi Guggalu Telugu-Makishakshi guggulu

Guggulu consists of exudates of Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhand, sun. Balsamodendon mukul Hook Ex Stocks (Commiphora mukul Engl.), (Fam. Burseraceae); a small perennial tree or shrub up to 1.2-1.8 m high, occurring in rocky tracts of Rajasthan, Gujarat; exudates is collected during winter season by making the incisions in the bark or in summer, falling from the bark itself.

Vatavyadhi; Amavata; Granthi; Sopha; Gandamala; Medoroga; Prameha; Kustha

Botanical-Curcuma longa Sanskrit- Rajani Assam- Haladhi Bengal -Haldi English-Turmeric Gujarath-Haldar Hindi-Haldi Kannada-Arishina Kashmir-Ladhir Malayalam-Manjal Marati-Halad Orissa-Haldi Punjab-Haldi Tamil-Manjal Telugu-Pasupu

Haridra consists of the dried and cured rhizomes of Curcuma longa (Famzingiberaceae); a perennial herb extensively cultivated in all parts of the country; crop is harvested after 9-10 months when lower leaves turn yellow rhizomes carefully dug up with hand –picks between October-April and cured by boiling and dried. Rhizomatous Herbs with sessile cylindric tubers. Leaves in tuft, large. Flowers spikes. Bracts pink

Botanical - Terminalia chebula Retz (Fam.Combretaceae) Sanskrit-Abhaya Assam-Shilikha Bengal -Haritaki English-Myrobalan Gujarath -Pulo-harda Hindi-Harar Kannada-Alalekai Kashmir -Halela Malayalam-Katukka Marati-Hireda Orissa- Harida Punjab -Halela Tamil-Kadukkai Telugu-Karakkaya

Haritaki consists of the pericap of mature fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz. (Fam.Combretaceae); a moderate sized or large tree found throughout India, chiefly in deciduous forests and areas of light rainfall, but occasionally also in slightly moist forests, up to about 1500 m elevation, throughout India; flowers appear from April-August and fruits ripen from October-January. 
Large trees with dark – brown, cracked bark, exfoliating in woody scales. Leaves large, obovate are crowded at the ends of branchlets. Flowers white in racemes, Drupe ellipsoid, yellowish or reddish.
Bangalore, Bellary, Chikmagalur, Coorg, Hassan, Kolar, Mysore, North Kanara, Shimoga, Tumkur. India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Burma.

Tannins, anthraquinones and polyphenolic compoundsFruits laxative, stomachic, tonic and alterative; forms a constituent of triphala, an important ayurvedic medicine used for many ailments. Bark diuretic and cardiotonic. Powdered fruit smoked in asthma. Fruit pulp used as dentrifrices. Fruit – anorexia, constipation, tympanitis, abdominal disorders, piles, jaundice, sprue, coryza, trachyphonia, hiccu, skin diseases, fever, cardiac tonic, rejuvenator

Botanical- Ferula foetida Regel (Fam.Umbelliferae) Sanskrit-Ramatha Assam-Hin Bengal -Hing English-Asfoetida Gujarath -Hing Hindi-Hing Kannada–Ingu Malayalam-Kayam Marati-Hing Orissa-Hengu Punjab -Hing Tamil-Perungayam Telugu-Inguva.

Hingu consists of oleo-gum-resin obtained from rhizomes and roots of Ferula foetida Regel, Ferula narthex Boiss, and other species of Ferula (Fam.Umbelliferae); a perennial herb, occurring in Persia and Afghanistan; resin collected after making incisions at the upper part of tap root of more than five year old plants by scrapping in March, April, just before flowering, whole process repeated many times; after one or two days or after a few weeks when it gets hardened.

Agnimandya; Adhmana; Anaha; Gulma; Sularoga; Udararoga; Hrdroga; Krmiroga