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| Herb Names | Synonyms | About The Plant | Known Therapeutic Use |
| TAGARA
|
Botanical-Valeriana wallichii Dc.
(Fam. Valerianaceae) Sanskrit-Kalanusari Assam- Tagar Bengal-Tagar Paduka English-Indian Valerian Gujarat-Tagar Ganthoda Hindi-Mushkbala Kannada-Mandibattal Kashmir-Bala Malayalam-Thakaram Marathi-Tagar Orissa-Tagarapaduka Punjab-Mushkobala Tamil-Tagarai Telugu-Grandhi Tagaramu |
Tagara consists of predominantly dried rhizome, stolon and small portion of root of Valeriana wallichii Dc. (Fam. Valerianaceae); a hairy perennial herb, growing in temperate Himalayas from Kashmir to Bhutan and Khasia hills upto an altitude of 3,000m; rhizomes dug in autum, well washed with water dried. | Apasmara; Unmada; Siroroga; Netraroga. |
| TAMALAKI
|
Botanical-Phyllanthus fraternus Webst.Syn Sanskrit-Mahidhatrika Assam-Bhuin Amla Bengal-Bhumamla Gujarat-Bhoi Amali Hindi-Bhui Amala Kannada-Nelanelli Malayalam-Kizanelli Marathi-Bhuiawali Orissa-Bhuin Amla Tamil-Kizhukai nelli Telugu-Nela usirika. | Tamalaki consists of root, stem and leaf of Phyllanthus fraternus Webst.Syn.Phyllanthus niruri Hook. F.non (Fam. Euphorbiaceae); an annual herb, 20-60 cm high, found in Central and Southern India extending to Ceylon. | Trsa;
Kasa; Amlapitta; Pandu; Ksaya; Ksata; Kustha;
Prameha; Mutraroga. |
| TWAK
|
Botanical-Cinnamomum zeylanicumBlume. (Fam. Lauraceae) Sanskrit-Darusita Assam-Dalcheni Bengal- Daruchini English-Cinnamon bark Gujarat-Dalchini Hindi- Dalchini Kannada-Dalchini Chakke Kashmir-Dalchini Malayalam-Karuvapatta Marathi-Dalchini Orissa-Dalechini Punjab-Dalchini Tamil-Lavangapattai Telugu- Lavangapatta | Tvak is the dried inner bark (devoid of cork and cortex) of the coppiced shoots of stem of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. (Fam. Lauraceae); a moderate sized evergreen tree usually attaining a height of 6-7 m; cultivated on the Western Ghats and adjoining hills; bark collected during April- July and October- December. Medium – sized trees. Leaves oblong – lanceolate. Flowers small, in gray pubescent panicles. Berry oblong.Coorg, Hassan, Kolar, North kanara, Shimoga, Peninsular India. | Mukhasosa;
Trsa; Kanthamukharoga; Pinasa; Krmiroga;
Vastiroga; Arsa; Hrdroga. Essential oil from root bark used in rheumatism. Bark, leaf, oil – Anorexia, bronchial a sthma, diseases of mouth, thirsty, nausea, chronic cold, convulsions, trachyphonia, dental diseases, borborygmus, vomiting, carminative. |
| TWAK
PATRA
|
Botanical-Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.Ham.)Nees & Eberm.(Fam. Lauraceae) Sanskrit-Patra Assam-Tejpat Bengal-Tejpatra English-Indian Cinnamon Gujarat-Tamala patra Hindi-Tejpatra Kannada-Tamalapatra Kashmir-Dalchini pan Malayalam-Karuvapatta pattram Marathi-Tamalpatra Orissa-Tejapatra Punjab-Tajpater Tamil-Lavangapatri Telugu- Akupatri | Tvakpatra consists of dried mature leaves of Cinnamomum tamala(Buch.Ham.)Nees & Eberm.(Fam. Lauraceae); a small evergreen tree upto 7.5 m and occurs in tropical, sub-tropical Himalayas between 900-2300 m, often raised from seeds; sown in nursery; leaves collected in dry weather from about ten years old plant during October-March. | Aruci; Hrllasa; Arsa; Hrllasa; Arsa; Pinasa |
| TEJOVATI
(Stem bark)
|
Botanical-Zanthoxylum armatum DC.Syn.Z.alatum Roxb.(fam. Rutaceae) Sanskrit-Tejohva Bengal-Tejovati Gujarath-Tejabala Hindi-Tejbal Kannada-Tejapatri Malayalam-Thumboonal Marati-Tejabal Orissa-Tejbala Punjab-Tejovati Tamil-Thejyovathi Telugu-Tejovathi | Tejovati consists of stem bark of Zanthoxylum armatum DC.Syn.Z.alatum Roxb. (fam. Rutaceae) an evergreen or sub-decidous shrub or occasionally a small tree up to 6m high, stem and branches, armed with long, sharp prickles found in the hot valleys of the Himayalas from Jammu to Khasia hills as 600-1800m and eastern ghats in Orissa and Andhra Pradesh at 1200m, also sometimes planted for hedges in Assam. (From API)Found in eastern Himalayas, Nepal, Ceylon. (From Indian Medical Medica) | Svasa,Kasa,Mukharoga,Amavata,Aruci,Hikka. |
| TULASI
(Whole plant)
|
Botanical-Ocimum sanctum Linn.(fam. Lamiaceae) Sanskrit-Surasa Assam-Tulasi Bengal-Tulasi Gujarath-Thulasi English-Holy Basil Hindi-Tulasi Kannada-Tulasi Malayalam-Tulasi Marati-Tulasi Punjab-Tulasi Tamil-Tulasi Telugu-Tulasi | Tulasi
consists of whole plant of Ocimum sanctum Linn.(fam. Lamiaceae) an
erect, 30-60cm high, much branched, annual herb, found throughout the
country. (From API) Found throughout India and cultivated near Hindu houses and temples. (From Indian Medical Medica) |
Svasa,Kasa,Hikka,Chardi,Krmiroga,Parsva,Sula,Kustha,
Asmari,Netraroga |
| UDUMBARA
|
Botanical-Ficus racemosa Syn. Ficus glomerata Roxb. (Fam. Moraceae) Sanskrit-Sadaphala Assam-Jangedumuru Bengal-Jagnadumur English-Cluster Fig Gujarat-Umbro Hindi-Gulara Kannada-Attihanninamara Kashmir-Rumbal Malayalam-Athi Marathi-Atti Orissa- Jajnadimbri Punjab-Kath Gular Umber Tamil-Atti Telugu-Atti |
Udumbara consists of dried bark of Ficus racemosa Syn. Ficus glomerata Roxb. (Fam. Moraceae); a large deciduous tree distributed all over India, found throughout the year, grows in evergreen forests, moist localities and bank of streams to the elevation of 1800 m, often cultivated in villages for shade and its edible fruits. Small or large trees with aerial roots, Leaves ovate – ablong or elliptic – lanceolate, base 3-nerved. Figs on short tubercles, riddish, obovoid.Bangalore, Chikmagalur, Coorg, Hassan, Kolar, Mysore, North Kanara, Shimoga, South kanara, tumkur. Indomalayasia | Raktapitta; Daha; Medoroga; Yondosa. Leaves used in bilious affection. Barks are given to cattle in rinder-pest disease. Root used in diarrhoea and diabetes. Fruit stomachic and carminative, used in hemoptysis. Latex used in piles and diarrhoea. Udumbara- – Bark, syconia, latex – Oedema, wounds, diarrhoea (with blood), dysentery, discolouration, uterine bleeding, leucorrhoea, polyuria |
| UPAKUNCIKA
|
Botanical-Nigella sativa (Fam. Ranunculaceae) Sanskrit-Sthulajiraka Bengal-Mota Kalajira English-Small Fennel Gujarat-Kalonji jeeru Hindi-Kalaunji Kannada-Karijirige Malayalam-Karinjirakam Marathi- Kalaunji Jire Punjab-Kalvanji Tamil-Karunjeerakam Telugu-Peddajila karra. | Upakuncika consists of seeds of Nigella sativa (Fam. Ranunculaceae); a small herb, 40-60 cm high, mostly cultivated in Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Bihar and Assam. | Gulma; Adhmana; Atisara; Krmiroga |
